Publications
The Center exists in part to create original evidence and information that support and advance conversations around professionalism, value, and other health care issues.
READ about scientific publications, briefs, and reports emerging from the Center and its collaborators below.
Differences in Educational Debt Among Family Medicine Residents: An In-Depth Analysis
Submitted on: September, 2026
High debt burdens among family medicine residents, particularly URiM family medicine residents, pose a direct threat to the stability and growth of the primary care workforce. Given the worsening primary care physician shortage and its impact on population health, policymakers and health care leaders must act decisively. Policymakers and institutions should offer more scholarship opportunities to students who choose primary care. Existing paths to loan forgiveness for primary care physicians should be preserved and significantly expanded.
Comprehensiveness Revisited for Next-Generation Family Medicine
- Andrew Bazemore
Submitted on: August, 2026
Comprehensiveness has long stood as the beating heart of family medicine, perhaps the most distinctive feature of the discipline, and the most empirically linked to lower costs, improved outcomes, and greater equity. Barbara Starfield famously argued that comprehensiveness is “the most powerful of the 4Cs”—1st Contact, Continuity, Coordination, and Comprehensiveness—that she declared responsible for the salutary effects of primary care and family medicine. Evidence since her seminal work has both operationalized comprehensiveness as measurable and reaffirmed its importance to achieving crucial population and policy outcomes. Yet in 2025, family medicine finds itself at an inflection point.
Read MoreChanges in the Composition and Affiliation of the US Primary Care Workforce and Ownership of Primary Care Clinical Sites, 2020–2023
Submitted on: August, 2026
The US PC landscape is increasingly dominated by health systems and large corporations, with these organizations accounting for all the growth in the physician workforce between 2020 and 2023. Despite a growing workforce, the reduction in PC sites, particularly in rural areas, may negatively impact PC access. These findings suggest the need for an accessible data source for monitoring the effects of policies intended to increase the PC workforce and examining how patterns of PC site ownership affect healthcare costs and quality.
